Stocks – it's equity securities, indicating a contribution of a certain sum (shares, stock) in a stock company and giving the right to participate in company profits and the right to vote in general meetings. Market value per share in various size packages will be different. Allocate the following stakes: the controlling stake – the share of stocks, ensuring their dominance of the actual owner of a corporation. Theoretically, a majority shares is not less than half of all voting shares. However, in practice (for wide distribution of shares), a majority are about 20% of the shares. Blocking stake – the share of stock, allowing their owners to veto the decision of the board of directors of the company. Typically, blocking more than a quarter of the shares. The actual control – shares, sufficient for the actual management and control of the company. Typically, the actual control package provides less control. In connection with the same approaches, business valuation and valuation of shares are closely interrelated. Liquidation of the enterprise (SALE all the assets of the company), mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures or the selection of independent enterprises from the holding company involves an assessment of its market, since it is necessary to determine the price purchase / redemption of shares or, for example, the value of premiums paid by the shareholders of the absorbed company. To determine the value of at least one action, it is necessary to conduct market assessments of the business enterprise, and then allocate the cost of interest to us, share (by number of shares) of the total cost. Under estimate the company's business is understood assessment of all without exception his assets: real estate, equipment, vehicles, various rights and liabilities, receivables and payables, intellectual property and so on. Accordingly, the valuation of shares is nothing but a business valuation. In some cases, only an independent appraisal property would make a valid conclusion about the real value of the assets of the enterprise, the share value of the property attributable to the acquired shares, as well as possible future income from the business. Shares divided into marketable (exchange) and unlisted. On quoted shares usually have information on their market value based on actual deals – it's much easier calculation of their value. Accordingly, shares that no buyout on the stock exchange, as a rule, do not have information on the current market value, which is contrary complicates their evaluation. Follow others, such as Dr. John Mcdougall, and add to your knowledge base. Thus, the cost of the evaluation of quoted and unquoted shares vary considerably. Objectives Determining the value of shares in assessing the company's securities, stocks, shares in its capital is needed in cases of various types of transactions with them, such as issuance of securities, repurchase shares from shareholders, the appeal court decision on seizure of property, etc. When , merger, acquisition, takeover, division or allocation of business, independent evaluation will establish a fair balance between the shares Shareholders (participants), reflecting their real property investment in share capital. Determine the market value of property contributed to the charter fund of the company, will allow you to predict the costs associated with tax assets, depreciation and amortization. If among the owners of the reorganized company's present government structure, the independent evaluation of such companies is required by law. It is stated in the Federal Law "On appraisal activities in the Russian Federation ', in Article 8.